Lumbar Disc Herniation
A herniated disc is a common health problem that occurs when the disc structure located between the vertebrae protrudes and puts pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots.
It can seriously reduce a patient's quality of life and, if left untreated, can lead to permanent nerve damage.
Symptoms
Pain radiating from the waist to the leg (sciatalgia)
Numbness , tingling (especially in the feet and fingers)
Loss of muscle strength or gait disturbance
Pain increases when leaning forward or sitting
In advanced cases, deterioration in urinary/stool control (urgent intervention is required)
Diagnosis
Imaging methods are used in conjunction with clinical examination to diagnose patients with suspected herniated discs. The goal is to determine the location and severity of nerve compression.
1. Neurological Examination
The first step is a detailed physical and neurological examination.
2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
The most valuable diagnostic method for a herniated disc is a lumbar MRI. This imaging allows:
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Which disc herniates?
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The amount of pressure on the nerve root
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Whether there is an accompanying narrow canal (spinal stenosis)
is evaluated clearly.
3. If necessary: CT or EMG
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Computed Tomography (CT): For problems related to bone structures
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EMG (Electromyography):
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Measures the extent and duration of nerve compression
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It is preferred especially in patients with muscle weakness or if there are findings incompatible with MRI.
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Which Patients Need Surgery?
Not every herniated disc requires surgery. However, surgery is considered in the following cases:
Lack of response to medication and physical therapy
Pain seriously disrupts quality of life
Development of weakness due to nerve compression
Impaired urinary/fecal control (emergency)
Surgical Methods
When planning surgery, the goal is to minimize tissue damage, provide rapid recovery, and maximize nerve relief.
👨⚕️ Methods we use:
Microdiscectomy: Minimally invasive surgery performed under microscope
Classical Discectomy: Applied when necessary
Surgeries usually take 60 minutes, and most patients can be discharged the same or the next day.
Post-Operative Process
Return to daily activities after a short rest
Physical therapy program if necessary
Be careful when performing movements such as sitting, lifting, or bending suddenly.
Lifestyle adjustments (weight management, exercise, posture training) for long-term success
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Is herniated disc surgery risky?
The complication rate in microsurgery performed with modern techniques is quite low. -
Does it recur?
Yes, but the risk is generally reduced with proper exercise and posture habits after surgery. -
Physical therapy or surgery?
Priority is given to conservative (non-surgical) treatments. However, in some clinical situations, surgery is recommended without delay.
